Analysis of Ozone Stability in Saline Solution –Vs- Double-Distilled Water Both Under Nano/Microbubbling
Adriana Schwartz
ABSTRACT
Ozone therapy is a technology currently used to treat a wide variety of diseases, with increasing interest in the medical field.
One of the most efficient and safe techniques for delivering ozone to a patient involves bubbling ozone through a saline solution at customized concentrations.
Objective: To analyze the efficiency and safety of ozonation using a saline solution and double-distilled water under nanobubbling at different concentrations in a closed glass device, establish its stability over time, compare its advantages over microbubbling, and its benefits in medical and dental applications. To determine if there is an increase in the production of hydroxyl radicals and the formation of bromates in the saline solution.
Materials and Methods: For this study, the Ozonobaric P® Sedecal® classification IIb, ozone generator (Spain) and two glass devices for liquid ozonation were used. One device had a plate for nanobubbling (less than 1 nm) and the other a plate for microbubbling (20 nm). The study was conducted at CSI ANALITICA S.L., Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain.
This is a descriptive observational study. Ozone was nanobubbled at different standardized concentrations (3 and 5 µg/NmL) in a specially designed, sealed glass device, ASSO3®, using 250 mL of saline solution (0.9% NaCl). The solution was then tested using a BMT964 AQ-LC ozone concentration analyzer (Messtechnick GmbH, Germany), an Anseros® OZONE MONITOR GM-RTI® spectrophotometer (Germany), a Merck ozone kit, and a GC-MS to verify the stability of the ozone concentration over time in saline solution and double-distilled water. Simultaneously, the study was conducted to determine if there was an increase in trace amounts of bromine and hydroxyl radicals in saline solution and double-distilled water under ozonation at low concentrations. The same procedure was performed with double-distilled water at two concentrations: 250 mL (20 and 80 µg/NmL).
Results: Although the saline solution was bubbled for 5 minutes to saturate it, it was observed that in 3.45 min of nanobubbling, both the saline solution and the double-distilled water became saturated with ozone.
In contrast, with microbubbling of the saline solution, ozone saturation was achieved in 5 min.
Despite de fact ozone concentrations under nanobubbling in both saline solution and double-distilled water decreased slowly over time, this did not compromise their therapeutic use, which was the ozone concentrations under nanobubbling, in both saline solution and double-distilled water, decreased slowly over the different time periods, this did not compromise their therapeutic uses, which were maintained for up to 72 h. This was not the case with microbubbling, where concentrations were maintained for 30 min without refrigeration.
The ozone concentration in double-distilled water was more intense than in the saline solution, which is understandable. Double-distilled water does not contain elements or residues that prevent ozone dissolution, as occurs in saline solution. At the same time, it has been shown that, when normalized with respect to the amount of ozone transferred to the water, no increase in hydroxyl radical production or bromate formation was observed.
By maintaining a stable ozone concentration in the post-saturation saline solution under nanobubbling, it can be administered to the patient without bubbling for the following 24–48 hours, provided it is kept refrigerated at 8°C. In the case of double-distilled water, it can be used for one week without bubbling (kept refrigerated). This frees up the generator, saves time and oxygen, and optimizes treatments.
